因此母体增补DHA提高脐带血DHA水平可能是促进子代大脑发育和低落认知非常风险的有用战略之一。不同DHA分子结构有不同的生物利用度,由于GDM孕妇胎盘营养物质转运本领较低,应选择高生物利用度的DHA。研究发现,磷脂型DHA是如今新一代DHA,可经一步水解成LPC-DHA,通过转运卵白MFSD2A可穿越胎盘屏障和血脑屏障,高效到达胎儿大脑。
参考文献:
[1] Veena, S.R., Krishnaveni, G.V., Srinivasan, K.et al. Childhood cognitive ability: relationship to gestational diabetes mellitus in India. Diabetologia 53, 2134–2138 (2010).
[2] Fraser A, Nelson SM, Macdonald-Wallis C, Lawlor DA. Associations of existing diabetes, gestational diabetes, and glycosuria with offspring IQ and educational attainment: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:963735. doi:10.1155/2012/963735
[3] Ornoy A, Wolf A, Ratzon N, Greenbaum C, Dulitzky M. Neurodevelopmental outcome at early school age of children born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1999 Jul;81(1):F10-4. doi: 10.1136/fn.81.1.f10. PMID: 10375355; PMCID: PMC1720965.
[4] Zornoza-Moreno, M., Fuentes-Hernández, S., Carrión, V. et al. Is low docosahexaenoic acid associated with disturbed rhythms and neurodevelopment in offsprings of diabetic mothers? Eur J Clin Nutr 68, 931–937 (2014).